In vitro cigarette smoke exposure induces memory-like ILC3s in PBMCs from asthma patients but not healthy individuals Since cigarette smoke appeared to augment sputum ILC3s and circulating CD4 + CD45RO + ILC3s in patients with asthma (but not healthy individuals), we assessed whether the smoking amount, as expressed by Pack/Year (PY), correlated with the frequencies of these ILC3 populations in asthma patients
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Secondhand smoke leads to thousands of nonsmoker deaths per year from lung cancer and heart disease
In western countries, tobacco smoking has been well established as the leading cause of low birthweight in newborns [12], and most primary studies demonstrate the positive associate of smoking in mother and low birthweight in children, but the findings are varied due to population and methodological differences [9]
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